Highly Skilled Labor Migration And Its Features
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51699/economics.v37i4.257Keywords:
international migration, STEM, intellectual migration, highly skilled migration, highly educated, college-educated migrants, students migration, entrepreneurial migration, investor migration, professional migration, brain drainAbstract
The article discusses the phenomenon of intellectual migration, which involves the movement of highly skilled professionals, researchers, and specialists across borders in search of better opportunities. The paper highlights the increasing role of intellectual migration in a globalized economy, particularly in countries with knowledge-based economies, where the demand for skilled workers in STEM fields (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) is growing.
Key aspects of intellectual migration include its impact on international competitiveness, innovation, and the exchange of knowledge between countries. The article also addresses the challenges posed by intellectual migration, such as the "brain drain" experienced by donor countries, and explores the classification of migrants based on their skills, qualifications, and contributions to the host country's economy.
References
John Bound, Gaurav Khanna, and Nicolas Morales.Understanding the Economic Impact of the H-1B Program on the U.S. NBER Working Paper No. 23153 February 2017. P.2, 43.
Nir Jaimovich, Henry Siu. High-Skilled Immigration, STEM Employment, and Non-Routine-Biased Technical Change. NBER Working Paper No. 23185.February 2017. Massachusetts 2017. P.25.
F.Lorenzo, Jaime Galvez-Tan, K.Icamina, L.Javie. Nurse Migration from a Source Country Perspective: Philippine Country Case Study//Health Services Research. 2007 Jun; 42(3 Pt 2): P.1412.
J.Hunt. Which immigrants are most innovative and entrepreneurial? Distinctions by entry visa. Working paper 14920. National bureau of economic research.2009. P.26-27
G.Borjas. Immigration in High-Skill Labor Markets: The Impact of Foreign Students on the Earnings of Doctorates. NBER Working Paper No. 12085.March 2006. JEL No. J23, J61. P.4.
G.Peri. Do immigrant workers depress the wages of native workers? ? IZA World of Labor 2014: 42.P.5
Hunt, M. Gauthier-Loiselle. How Much Does Immigration Boost Innovation? NBER Working Paper No. 14312 September 2008 JEL No. J61,O31. P.2.
Micheline van Riemsdijk, Scott Basford. Integration of Highly Skilled Migrants in the Workplace: a Multi-level Framework// Journal of International Migration and Integration. 2022. Volume 23, pages 633–654, P.646.
Beine, M., Docquier, F., & Rapoport, H. . Measuring international skilled migration: A new database controlling for age of entry. The World Bank Economic Review, 2007. 21(2), 249–254.
B. L. Lowell. Policies and regulations for managing skilled international migration for work. New York: United Nations, Mortality and Migration Section of the Population Division/DESA.2005.
OECD. SOPEMI 1997: Trends in international migration: Continuous annual report. Paris: OECD.1998. P.2.
Czaika, M., & Parsons, C. R. (2017). The gravity of high-skilled migration policies. Demography, 2017.54(2). P. 603–630
Borjas, G. J. The labor-market impact of high-skill immigration. American Economic Review, 2005. 95(2), 56–60
Beach, C. M., Green, A. G., & Worswick, C. (2007). Impacts of the point system and immigration policy levers on skill characteristics of Canadian immigrants. In Immigration. 2007. P. 349–401.
Solimano, A. The international mobility of talent. New York: Oxford University Press.2008.
King, R., & Raghuram, P. International student migration: Mapping the feld and new research agendas. Population, Space and Place, 2013.19(2), P.127–137.
Н.Равочкин. Интеллектуальные миграции в современном мире// Bulletin Social-Economic and Humanitarian Research, № 17 (19), 2023. C.60.
Мельников, О.Н. Управление интеллектуально-креативными ресурсами наукоемких производств / О.Н. Мельников. – М.: Креативная экономика, 2010.С.156.
Миграция и «утечка мозгов». Доклад об экономике региона ЕЦА, осень 2019 года. Всемирный банк, Вашингтон.2019. С.39.
Митин Д.Н. Интеллектуальная миграция: сущность, последствия и пути решения//Вестник РУДН. Серия Политология. 2011. Номер 1. С. 41.
Белов Ф.Д. Международная интеллектуальная миграция: особенности, роль и значение на современном этапе// Вестник РУДН, серия Экономика, 2010, № 2. C.44,45.
Ю. Леденева. Интеллектуальная миграция: мировые и российские тенденции//Высшее образование в России.2014 .№2. C.106.
Сауткина В. Приостановить «утечку мозгов» посредством создания условий для их «циркуляции» в России / А. Сеуткина // Человек и труд. – 2012. –№ 4. С. 42.
Papademetriou D. The Role of Immigration in Fostering Competitiveness in the US. / D. Papademetriou, M. Sumption. – Washington, DC: IMP, 2011. P.27.
В.Ю. Леденева. Интеллектуальная миграция: мировые и российские тенденции//Высшее образование в России.2014 .№2. C.109.
Bakhtiyor, Islamov, Zulaykho, Kadirova, Sulkhiya, Gaziyeva. Digitization measures in the regulation of labor migration processes in Uzbekistan // ACM, New York, NY, USA, 328-337 pp.
Zulaykho, Kadirova. Globallashuv sharoitida O‘zbekistonning xalqaro mehnat bozoriga integratsiyalashuvi. Toshkent 2016.
Zulaykho, Kadirova, Sulkhiya, Gaziyeva. Regulation of labor migration processes in Uzbekistan // Journal of marketing, business and management Vol. 1, ISSUE 10 January 2023. 41-48 pp.
Zulaykho, Kadirova, Sulkhiya, Gaziyeva. International labor migration processes in the context of digitalization// Journal of marketing, business and management ISSN (E): 2181-3000 Vol. 1 ISSUE 1 March 2022. 76-84 pp.
Kadirova Z. Gaziyeva S. Xorijiy mamlakatlarda oilaviy migratsiya masalalari// Yashil iqtisodiyot va taraqqiyot jurnali, 8-son 2024-yil, avgust. 517-521 bet.
Kadirova Z. Gaziyeva S. Family migration processes in the USA and Uzbekistan// Journal of marketing, business and management ISSN (E): 2181-3000 Vol. 3, ISSUE 3 July 2024. 2-6 pp.
