Determinants of the Incidence of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in the Regional General Hospital dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu Period 2024

Abstract

Indonesia is in third place with the highest caseload, so 2021 is clearly no better. TB cases in Indonesia are estimated at 969,000 TB cases (one person every 33 seconds). This is a 17% increase from 2020, which was 824,000 cases. The incidence of TB cases in Indonesia is 354 per 100,000 population. A new problem related to tuberculosis is the multiple immunity of germs to anti-tuberculosis drugs (multi-drug resistant tuberculosis/MDR-TB). The study design in this study used analytic observational research with a Cross Sectional research design. The target population in this study were all patients with MDR-TB who received treatment at RSUD Dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu in 2024 and the sample of MDR-TB positive patients recorded in the MDR-TB Service register book at RSUD Dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu who had been proven through laboratory tests and met the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria that the researchers had set. Data analysis was univariate, bivariate and multivariate with Chi-square analysis technique. This study started from April to May 2024. The incidence of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in RSUD Dr. M Yunus Bengkulu mostly occurred in people aged 15-65 years, working status, income less than the minimum wage, had smoked, was not compliant in taking drugs, and had a long distance to the Health Facility category. Based on Bivariate Analysis, all variables of age, employment, income, ever smoked, non-compliance and travel distance to health facilities are highly significant with the incidence of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) at RSUD dr. M Yunus Bengkulu age (p-value 0.028), Employment Status (p-value 0.007), income (p-value 0.032), smoking history (p-value 0.016), Adherence to Taking Medication (p-value 0.032), travel time to health facilities (p-value 0.003). The most dominant factor affecting the incidence of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) at RSUD Dr. M Yunus Bengkulu is Travel Distance to Health Facilities after controlling for the variable Smoking Habits. Health workers are expected to be active in the field to educate or remind patients and their families about the treatment schedule and OAT consumption schedule.