In Vitro Somatic Embryogenesis Callus Of Black Glutinous Rice (Oryza Sativa Gluinosa L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51699/ijbea.v3i3.42Keywords:
Black Glutinous Rice, Callus, PGR 2.4 DAbstract
: Glutinous rice (Oryza sativa glutinosa L.) is one of the varieties of various rice plants that have a starch composition with high amylopectin and low amylose. Black sticky rice is a pigmented rice with a longer harvest period of around 5–7 months. It is required to increase the quality and quantity of black glutinous rice plants by using good and appropriate cultivation processes to obtain plants with high levels of productivity. The in vitro technique used to grow callus with embryogenic properties is one of the steps to produce black sticky rice varieties with faster harvest times. This research aims to examine the optimal concentration of growth regulator (PGR) 2.4 Dichloropenoxyacetid acid (2.4 D) on the growth of somatic embryogenesis callus cells in black sticky rice plants. The type of research used is included in true experimental research. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 repetitions (K) control, (P1) PGR concentration 2.4 D 2.5 ppm, and (P2) PGR concentration 2.4 D 3 ppm, with a total of 9 plants. Data analysis was carried out in a qualitative, descriptive manner. Based on the results of this research, it was found that the time parameters for callus appearance in the control treatment were non-existent (no callus grew); in the 2.5 ppm 2.4 D and 3 ppm 2.4 D treatments, callus appeared 3 days after planting (DAP). The percentage of callus growing from each treatment is 100%. There are differences in color and texture of the callus between each concentration. A concentration of 2.5 ppm 2.4 D produces a callus with a compact texture and a brownish yellow color, and roots grow in the callus. The results of the research show that the PGR concentration of 3 ppm 2.4 D is optimal for the growth of somatic cells, embryogenesis, and callus of black sticky rice plants based on the parameters of percentage, color, and texture of the callus. These parameters show a callus percentage of 100% with a whitish yellow color and a crumbly texture, which shows that the callus has embryogenic properties.
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